A detailed analysis of golden agri corporation - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1947 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? In this project it is mentioned about Golden Agris background, the area in which it operates its competitive strength and its competitors. A detailed analysis of the company s financial analysis is showed through ratio analyses, which will help to asses Michael who is an investor whether to buy Golden Agri s share. A detailed analysis is showed based on company s last three year from 2006 to 2008 annual report, which will give useful information about company s current market position and its position in near future. Background Golden Agri-Resources Ltd (GAR) is a Singapore based investment holding company and its prime activity is to cultivate and harvest oil palm trees, processing crude palm oil (CPL) and palm kernel (PK) from fresh fruit bunches and making consumer products from CPL like cooking oil, margarine and shortening. It also deals in management of real estate and consultancy services ( Goldenagri Web (2010) 10th Marchv 2010). It also provides add itional services such as chartering services, services in port loading, storage and packaging and transportation services. It was listed on Singapore Stock Exchange in the year 1999. The company operates in two different divisions that are Indonesia Agri business and China Agri business. In the year 2009 company made a profit of $ 2,294 million (Businessweek Web (2010) 12th March 2010). Mission The company aims at giving highest standards of quality through continuous innovation and technology. The company also aims giving its returns to the society and community. It believes in sustainable palm oil cultivation it through sustainable environment. It puts its promises into action to gain trust of the shareholders and the employees. It emphasis on continuous improvement so as to get best result, and it always comes up with new ideas and products to gain productivity and growth. Products and its Customers Golden Agri has variety of Branded Products under its belt. It produc es bulk products from palm oil facilities for instance crude palm oil, palm kernel oil, cocoa butter substitute and many more which they provide to end-customers, hotels, cafes and industrial market. In Indonesia it has around 11 brands and provides products like cooking oil, margarine, butter oil substitute, shortening, special fats and frying fats. It has around 8 brands in China and provides products such as cooking oil, margarine, shortening and butter oil substitute (Goldenagri products Web (2010) 12th March 2010). Market competition Golden Agri s major competitors are Anglo-Eastern Plantations, M.P. Evans Group PLC and Wilmar. All the three has its vast operations in Malaysia and China but Wilmar which is currently Asia s largest Agribusiness group is a strong competitor of Golden Agri. Golden Agris competitive strength lies in its way it operates its business, which is by vertically-integrated operations, which means a part of production process is expanded across sever al different market segments. Due to economies of scale the company has an advantage of highly efficient operations. Company s management systems and experienced and versatile management team has helped the company in its growth, and to gain competitive advantage (Answers Web (2010) 11th March 2010). Strengths and weaknesses: Strengths: ? Enormous production being carried out, leads to economies of scale ( low cost). ? Highly qualified and experienced team. ? Less competition in market. ? In-house research carried out in institute. Weaknesses: ? Being lead to high cost due to push strategy. ? As production depends on nature it affects growth of palms. ? Common Currency fluctuation as they deal in international markets. ? Strong government influences in homecountry. Financial Statement Firm uses financial statement to indicate the financial performance of the company. Financial statements are used in relation to business accomplishments. The fin ancial statement includes income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement. Income statement shows the company s direct expenses (salary, depreciation etc) and income. It also shows the company expenses in attaining earnings per share. Balance sheet shows the amount of assets and liabilities the company possess. Balance sheet is normally used by company to measure the liquidity of company. Cash flow statement only records cash items no credit items are recorded in this statement. The cash-flow statement can be vital in determining whether or not a corporation has sufficient cash to compensate its bills, handle expenses, and acquire assets (wisegeek web (2003-2010), 14th march 2010) Ratio Analysis: [A] Liquidity ratio: This ratio suggests the company s capability to pay off the short term liabilities. It can be achieved by dividing total cash out of short term liabilities. It shows how liquid the company is. To calculate Liquidity Ratio, Company has to refer to Ba lance sheet. This ratio includes working capital, current and acid test ratio (Advfn web(1999-2010), 2nd march 2010). 1. Working capital: Current Assets Current Liabilities. It measures the company s efficiency and financial ability to repay the short term liabilities (Investopedia web(2010), 4th march 2010). 2006 2007 2008 $424,000-$347,916. $763,817-$517,790 $707,481-$547,989 = $76,084 = $246,027 = $159,492 Interpretation: In 2007, firm has increased their paying obligation approximately thrice compared to previous year; this may be due to increase in their current assets and marginal increase in the liabilities. While in 2008 it again decreases due to falling in amount of cash they had. 2. Current ratio: Current Assets / Current liabilities. The higher the ratio the more liquid the company is. It shows the amount of assets the company has to reimburse their short term obligations (Investorwords web (2010) 5th march 2010). 2006 2007 2008 $424,000/ $347,916 $763,817 / $517,790 $707,481/ $547,989 = 1.21:1 = 1.47:1 = 1.29:1 Interpretation: In 2007, Golden Agri have realised that they have enough solvency in the company to pay their current liabilities. Figures above shows that company has $1.47 to pay their $1 liability, in fact it is higher amongst three years. 3. Quick (Acid test) ratio: Quick Assets (Current assets- Inventories) / Current Liabilities. It is a more conservative ratio that the current and working capital. It excludes the inventory that has left at the end of the financial year. It excludes the type of current assets that are not easily converted into the cash. 2006 2007 2008 ($424,000 $144,174) / $347,916 ($763,817-$311,534) / $517,790 ($707,481- $248,084) / $547,989 $279,826 / $347916 $452,283 / $517,790 $459,357 / $547,989 = 0.80:1 = 0.87:1 =0.83:1 Interpretation: Above figures are concern, Golden Agri have not realise the major difference in their quick test ratio. Firm has $0.87 liquid asset to pay their $1 of quick liabilities, although it gets decreased in following year. Overall liquid position is just above satisfactory level. [b] Credit Risk Ratio: Total Liabilities / Total assets. This ratio is more of a concern about the long term risk of the creditors. It is assumed that the total assets should be more than the total obligations in order to pay its debts. 2006 2007 2008 $1,064,066 / $2,985,362 $1,631,604 / $5,012,814 $2,118,677 / $6,825,507 = 35.64% = 32.54% = 31.04% Interpretation: As long as long term is concerned, the higher total asset more the company able to pay their debt. Comparing 2006, 2007 and 2008, as the year progresses the percentage declines, so company has enough of the assets to pay debt in long term. [B] Profitability ratios: This ratio suggests how profitable company is. For calculation, firm has to refer to the Income statement (profit loss account). This ratio enables the investors and lenders to d ecide for their benefit. We can say that is being divided in two sub sections, Margins and returns. Margins suggest the company s ability to translate the sales into the profits. Return illustrates the amount of return the company able to give their shareholders (Bizfinance Web (2010) 7th march 2010). It includes Gross profit rate, net income rate, and earnings per share, PE ratio and some more. 1. Gross profit rate: Gross profit / Net sales (Turnover) A profit margin ratio indicates that amount of earnings, required to pay fixed costs and profits, which is generated from revenues. Lower the ratio means the company is unable to control their production cost. Although this might be a good ratio for comparing against its competitors (bizwiz). 2006 2007 2008 $269,814 / $1,129,587 $658,348 / $1,873,352 $876,117 / $2,985,948 = 0.23 or 23% = 0.35 or 35% = 0.29% or 29% Interpretation: Gross profit rate for the year 2007 and 2006 are 35 and 29% respectively. This means out of $100 dollars company spends, it generates them profit of $35 in 2007 and $29 in 2008. Out of this the company has to pay their taxes and operating expenses, as a result corrective measure should be taken to improve. 2. Net Income Rate: Net income / Net sales. This ratio shows the percentage of net profit the company make after deducting taxation. The more the net income rate the higher the company profit appears to be. 2006 2007 2008 $539,531 / $1,129,587 $1,274,375 / $1,873,352 $1,418,645 / $2,985,948 = 0.4776 or 47.76% = 0.6802 or 68.02% = 0.4751 or 47.51% Interpretation: Net income had declined after 2007. This suggests that out of $100 the company spends company is generating $68.02 and $47.51 in 2007 and 2008 respectively. Net income is after deducting taxes. Firm needs to work on it. 3. Earnings per share (EPS): Net income / Shares outstanding. This is most important measurement in profitability ratio. This measurement suggests the power of co mpany to generate the money. The higher the Earnings per share the higher the value of share (Investing web (2008) 8th march 2010). 2006 2007 2008 $5.42 $12.21 $13.86 Interpretation: This ratio shows the earnings of the company from the total issue of share in the market. This measure shows us rise in earnings per share from 2006, 2007 and highest in 2008. Company is doing healthy in stock market. 4. Price Earnings Ratio: Current Market price per share / EPS Based on this Measurement investor can determine whether to invest in the company or not. Ratios decided above only analysed as per the books of accounts, but P/E ratio is based on current market price of share and gets to know the amount of Profit Company can generate. This also shows future performance of company. 2006 2007 2008 $78.61 / $5.42 $66 / $12.21 $46 / $13.86 = $14.50 = $5.40 = $3.31 Interpretation: This ratio shows that company has lowest current market price which is in 2008. This w ill not attract more investors because this measurement needs to be consider by investors when they invest 5: Return On Investment: Return / Average amount invested. Now this is based on return the shareholder gets on the amount they invested. Return on investment measures the company ability to generate the profit and provide investors with better result for their valuable investment. 2006 2007 2008 $539,531 / $351,831.5 $1,274,375 / $817,662.5 $1,418,645 / $1,273,659 = 153.34% = 155.85% = 111.38% Interpretation: After considering this measurement of return the company might lose their investors, due to decrease in amount of return on investment. The company need to decrease direct expense and increase their net profit to overcome this situation. 6. Return on total assets: operative income / average total assets. 2006 2007 2008 $777,556 / $2,564,072.5 $1,757,968 / $3,999,088 $1,986,316 / $5,919,160.5 = 0.3032 or 30.32% = 0.4395 or 43.95% = 0.3355 or 33.55% Interpretation: Golden Agri generation of return on total asset is at quiet satisfactory level. As this measurement will not much affect the decision of investor to invest or not. 7: Return on Equity: Net income / Average owner s equity. This measurement indicates that amount of return shareholders achieves on their invested funds. This has a lot to consider from shareholder s side of view. The higher percentage of return the more are the chances of investors attraction towards company. 2006 2007 2008 $539,531 / $1,647,603.5 $1,274,375 / $2,651,253 $1,418,645 / $4,044,020 = 32.74% = 48.06% = 35.08% Interpretation: This indicates that during year of 2006 the company on every equity shares of $100 has earned $32.74 but at the current the company has earned more if we see that in the year 2008 the company earned $35.08. This ratio reflects the character of the management in general and this current year ratio provide valuable guidance to an investor. So, we can say that the ratio controls the market value of a company s equity share. Conclusion: All the above ratios are calculated based on past records. No ratio is based on current market condition except one. The company really has satisfactory liquidity position; able to pay debt is short term as well as in long run. While considering to the profitability ratio, figures Shows Company is able to generate supplementary profit compared to last years. Return on investment, current market price, return on total assets and return on equity is not appalling. If we carefully consider all ratios, most of ratios are fluctuating in 2007 and 2008, and our findings suggest that liquidity and profitability along with all returns has a probability to enhance. Not ignoring all non financial factors. Recommendations: We would like to suggest Mr. Michael brown to purchase some of the share based on our conclusion and see if company improves then Mr Brown can procure more. Perform al l this after considering all non financial factors, as some of the non financial factors have uncertainty which can result in losses (customer preferences, Nature). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A detailed analysis of golden agri corporation" essay for you Create order

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Life Of Charlemagne Essay Research Paper And free essay sample

Life Of Charlemagne Essay, Research Paper ? ? And although his organic structure was non pierced by the blade, the test of many agonies, the parlous combats in which he engaged, his day-to-day willingness to decease for the transition of the heathen, have made of him a sufferer. ? Frederick Barbarossa The Medieval Age is thought of as a dark clip, where everything tended to be black and blue, nevertheless there was visible radiation all through this period, and many establishments we have today were created and formed during this clip. Out of this great clip, we get great leaders, some of who are Alfred, Arthur, and Charlemagne. Charlemagne was the great leader and defender of the Franks, the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, and vanquisher of Lombardy. He was a great adult male even by today? s criterions. He stood up for what he believed in and protected what he had. Much of what we know of Charlemagne comes from? The Life of Charlemagne? , written by Einhard, who was a friend of Charlemagne, and was a ulterior adviser to his boy. Charlemagne, besides known as Charles I, was born in 742. He was the boy of Pepin the Short and Bertrada. ? Small is known about his childhood, no 1 was about at the clip of Einard? s authorship who would hold remembered it? . Charlemagne # 8217 ; s roots can be traced back to Ansegis, Mayor of Austrasia and Begga. His most celebrated ascendants nevertheless, were his male parent and gramps, Pepin the Short and Charles Martel, severally. ? After the decease of Pepin the Short, in 768, Charlemagne and his brother Carloman were proclaimed male monarchs by their supporting Lords, and were anointed by their several bishops, this joint opinion was merely allowed if the two brothers could co-operate with each other in the opinion of the state. ? ? In 769, Aquitaine and Gascony broke into rebellion, which was a war foremost started by Pepin the short, but was non finished. Charlemagne was forced to seek to oppress these rebellions without his brother # 8217 ; s aid, because Carloman did non direct the aid that Charlemagne needed? . Charlemagne marched his ground forces through Bordeaux and defeated the rebel leader, Hunold. Duke Hunold went to Lupus, Duke of the Gascons, for protection. Duke Lupus feared the Charlemagne would walk through his state and take over, so he agreed to give Hunold to Charlemagne, and besides gave himself up. After the Aquitaine War, there was problem get downing up in Lombardy, to seek and seal the peace with Lombardy, he married the girl of the male monarch of Lombardy, Desiderata. Pope Stephen III did non like this matrimony, for the pontificate had great influence with the Franks. Pope Stephen would hold liked to see the powers of the Lombards weakened, because the Lombard? s district bordered on those of the Pope? s land. After one twelvemonth, Charlemagne divorced his married woman, Desiderata and married Hildegarde. In 771, there was a fright that Carloman and Desiderata would make an confederation and onslaught Charlemagne, but in December of that twelvemonth, Carloman died, go forthing Charlemagne in complete control of the Frankish Kingdom who voted nem con for Charlemagne to take all of the Franks. ? In 772, Charlemagne led an ground forces into Saxony, in his first effort to suppress the part. Charlemagne decided to halt for the winter, and alternatively of traveling back to onslaught Saxony, he had changed his head and turned about and headed for Lombardy in 773. His ground forces marched from Geneva toward Lombardy. Charlemagne # 8217 ; s ground forces was spilt into two groups, one commanded by him and the other by his Uncle Bernard. Although Desiderius had fortified the Italian Alps, a flanking maneuver forced him to withdraw toward Lombardy. Desiderius # 8217 ; ground forces came to rest at the metropolis of Pavia. Charlemagne laid besieging to the metropolis for several months. ? He so left a smaller force to siege Pavia, and took the majority of his ground forces to run into other Lombard menaces. Being so near to Rome, Charlemagne decided to see the Pope. In Rome he met other swayers, religious and earthly. In meetings with the Catholic Pope, he reconfirmed the confe deration between the Frankish Empire and the pontificate. In the summer of 774, Pavia was in a hard place, they had no nutrient, Desiderius agreed to give up every bit long as the life of his work forces would be spared. Charlemagne, agreed to the footings, and exiled Desiderius. Charlemagne was so declared the King of Italy, and from that clip onwards he was to be called King of the Franks and Lombards. Charlemagne thought the best manner to govern the districts that he conquered was to go forth the current governors in their topographic point and got them to pay testimonial to him. One of the son-in-laws to Desiderius refused to pay regard to Charlemagne, and he tried to reconstruct the exiled prince Adelchis. Charlemagne so set out to oppress these dissenters ; he went to conflict with the Lombards once more. ? While Charlemagne was contending the Lombards, the Saxons once more revolted, and Charlemagne once more marched his ground forcess to Saxony. He started his invasion by assailing Westphalia. Then he marched into Engria, conquered the Mid-Saxons, and so crossed into Eastphalia. It was the Eastphalians who foremost converted to Christianity, and so the Engrians followed. Hostages were taken for security for the curses made. Westphalia was the last to covert, as they were stronger than the other two states of Saxony. ? As an terminal consequence of this run, three quarters of Saxony were loyal to Charlemagne, but non for long. In 776, Saxony revolted once more. He marched his ground forces from Italy to Saxony with astonishing velocity, and took the Saxons wholly by surprise. The sureties that he had taken earlier were killed, and the Saxons looked for peace. ? To see his control, Charlemagne called a council at Paderborn, in the centre of Engria. Many Saxons were baptized, and swore curses to stay loyal to Charlemagne. At the council, embassadors from Spain had come to demo court to Charlemagne, they proposed that their feudal lords become Godheads of Charlemagne, if he agreed to give protection. Thinking that Saxony was under control, he accepted the offer and took his ground forces into Spain. After suppressing lands at that place, he learned that there was another rebellion in Saxony. He so marched back to Saxony, and defeated the Westphalians. As usual, the Eastphalians and the Engrians submitted without a fight. ? Charlemagne so divided the Saxons politically and set them under bishops, to maintain them controlled. He published a Saxon codification of jurisprudence, and allow some Saxon Chieftains maintain regulation. After 2 old ages, the northern folk of Saxony revolted once more, and Charlemagne once more subdue the rebellion. He so rounded up the leaders of the rebellion, which was about 4,500 work forces, and slaughtered them. Merely minor Saxony rebellions occurred for the clip being, which were easy controlled. Carolus so turned his attending to other foreparts. He so conquered the Slavs, Avars, the Island of Corsica, Sardinia, and the Balearic Islands. In 792, the Saxons revolted once more. It would take 2 old ages for Charlemagne to halt the rebellion. ? Charlemagne was described as a really big individual, but with a really screaky voice. He loved to hold people around him. Charlemagne was a low swayer, he did non seek to promote himself over his topics, and he talked to each one every bit, and often appointed former slaves as governors. ? Besides he did non dress articulately, he wore the same apparels as everyone else at this clip. From the beginning of his twenty-four hours, he had people inquiring for advice, chew the fating with him, etc. He did non like to blow clip, and frequently had his day-to-day planning session in his sleeping room while he got dressed. He was a profoundly spiritual individual, and attended mass on a regular basis. He besides loved to eat, and regarded repast times when bosom and head were nourished. Like the Greeks, Charlemagne despised inebriation in all people, and particularly held himself to his criterions. After a repast, he would frequently take a sleep in readying for the twenty-four hours in f ront, which was filled with tribunal instances, planning, and other kingly affairs. In the eventide, he would go to services in the chapel, before he would eat dinner. Charlemagne loved his household, and when he was at place, would non sit down to eat without his kids being present. He particularly cared for his kids, Charles, Carloman ( who is subsequently named Pepin ) , and Louis. From the beginning of their lives he ever stressed instruction. In add-on to the physical preparation they received, each one of them accompanied their male parent on the battleground, and when each was 13, they were all dominating work forces. He besides gave each of his boies a part of the land to govern, so that they would derive practical experience in being a leader. Even after they were on their ain, Charlemagne kept an oculus on them. He was even more alert of his girls. He would merely let them to get married courtiers that lived in the castle. His girls joined in on all of his activities, from the forenoon Hunt to the assorted after-dinner treatments. In 791, he chooses Aix-la-Chapelle ( now know as Aachen ) to be the site for his new capitol. He chose this s ite for several grounds. First, it was known for it # 8217 ; s hot springs. Second, Aix-la-Chapelle was in range of about all of Frankland , and was particularly close to Saxony. Third, it was a little town, and this would let him to exercise his ain influence in its building. The capitol was centered on the church and his castle, both in his head equal. In the late 780 # 8217 ; s and throughout the 790 # 8217 ; s Charlemagne devoted much of his clip seeking to better the lives of his citizens. He proved himself to be a wise swayer. One of the factors in his success was the constitution of # 8216 ; missi dominici # 8217 ; ( the Godhead # 8217 ; s emmissaries ) . The missi dominici were people who inspected all parts of the imperium, taking notes on how Charlemagne # 8217 ; s orders were being carried out, and guaranting they were being carried out. The # 8216 ; missi dominici # 8217 ; were truly the eyes and ears of Charlemagne, since he could non see his full land at one clip. Another factor that helped simplify the imperium was the usage of feudal system. Feudalism was such an of import portion of European life style, which it wasn? T until the 1800? s when the last of it disappeared. Charlemagne improved the trade within the imperium by bettering route conditions, and constructing new roads. He tried to construct a canal c onnected the Danube and the Rhine rivers, but was unsuccessful. He was forced to develop a system of money exchange with in the imperium because of the new trade ; it was the most efficient manner to merchandise amongst his great imperium. Charlemagne, while being an first-class military tactician, besides cared for his rational development. Ever since he had been exposed to life in Italy, he started to assail acquisition as he had attacked the Saxons, with strength and doggedness. He learned how to talk Greek and Latin. Charlemagne started a school at Aix-la-Chapelle, where he invited pupils from all over the land to larn. Although the school was established for boies of Lords, he believed that all kids should hold a opportunity to larn, so he allowed all kids to inscribe. The repute of the Palace School spread throughout Europe. Students from all across Europe came to the school. Charlemagne picked Alcuin, a monastic from England to revise the educational system. Alcuin wrote new text editions to replace the older 1s, and started to develop new instructors. By the clip of Alcuin # 8217 ; s retirement, Charlemagne could offer cosmopolitan free instruction. Charlemagne frequently enjoyed the conversation that Alcuin, and others gave. ? The school at Aix-la-Chapelle shortly became a college. Lectures, poesy readings, and conversation were prevailing at that place. Charlemagne # 8217 ; s involvement in instruction stemmed from his involvement in faith, he felt that instruction opened a individual to the spiritual cognition that made for redemption of the soul. ? Charlemagne became interested in spiritual life of Frankland in other ways. Previously, his sense of spiritual mission had been restricted to his efforts to suppress new converts on the battleground. His sense of duty began to turn. The male monarch frequently turned preacher, as he felt that the people, particularly the clergy, should populate up to the ideals and behaviours that they professed. He started a run to clean all the churches in Frankland, he introduced the Gregorian chant to the church services, and he urged priests to acquire a proper education. ? Charlemagne besides started to acquire into the theological contentions of th e twenty-four hours. He studied the Orthodox place, and tried to understand it, he besides began to step in when he felt that Pope Hadrian was slacking off in responsibilities. When Charlemagne heard that the Eastern church defended the pattern of utilizing images in their worship, Charlemagne wrote a defence of the Western # 8217 ; s Church # 8217 ; s place. He called a council of Bishops in 794 where he presented his papers. They all voted to reprobate the eastern pattern. Get downing with the decease of Pope Hadrian in 795, Charlemagne started down the way to going Emperor of the Romans. Hadrian # 8217 ; s replacement, Pope Leo, was really unpopular. Roman Lords accused him of criminal conversation. In 799 the Pope was attacked by a group of plotters who were determined to dispose him. Loyal attenders, who took him to safety, finally saved him. He sought a more lasting safety with Frankish embassadors. Although Charlemagne did non particularly like the new Catholic Pope, he would non stand for this sort of behaviour. ? He sent for Leo to be brought to him. Pope Leo stayed with Charlemagne for a couple months before he was sent back with 2 archbishops and Frankish escorts, who were to unclutter the Pope # 8217 ; s name. While in Rome, he eventually cleared Pope Leo # 8217 ; s name. ? On the twenty-four hours he had planned to coronate his boy King of Franks, he was crowned Emperor of the Romans. Charlemagne accepted the place with humbleness. Einhar d, his biographer, and one of his closest friends remarked the male monarch stating that he would come in St. Peter # 8217 ; s that Day if he had known what the Pope was traveling to make. Charlemagne showed most of his true qualities as Emperor. This was to get down his calling as a diplomat. He turned his attending to the Holy Land. Reports of Moslem onslaughts on Christian monasteries had been making Europe. Charlemagne began attempts to befriend the Muslims. He sent a squad of embassadors to Baghdad, where he befriended the Caliph of Baghdad. It worked and the Caliph showered the Emperor with gifts of silk, and even an elephant. In 804, Saxony rebelled, and in an act of great inhuman treatment, Charlemagne ordered that many Saxons to be sent to distant parts of the Frankish land. In his new place came new enemies. His chief enemy was the Byzantines. The Byzantine emperors were non happy with Charlemagne being crowned Emperor of the Romans. In the twelvemonth 805, Charlemagne had a confrontation with the Byzantines over the ownership of Venice. But alternatively of contending over Venice, Charlemagne gave it to the Byzantine emperor in favour of better dealingss. The Normans in the North were going more of a job besides. They would utilize their naval forcess to bust the coastal small towns of Frankland. Although the Franks were powerful on land, they were inferior to the Normans at sea. Charlemagne organized his people to get down constructing a new naval forces. The struggle in the North was eventually ended, but non by superior naval strength, but because the Norman male monarch had died. In 810 the Franks started a run against the Normans, and Charles took the elephant he had received from the Caliph of Baghdad with him. While on the run, the elephant died. This was merely the start of Char lemagne # 8217 ; s problems. Subsequently in 810, the Frankish Empire was struck by a cattle pestilence, doing dearth. Charlemagne # 8217 ; s boy, Pepin, and girl, Hrodrud, both died that twelvemonth, and Charlemagne # 8217 ; s wellness began to neglect. Charlemagne started program how his imperium would be split up after his decease. He did non desire to divide his land between his staying boies, for fright of contending between them. But, as was Frankish tradition, ? he did program to interrupt up his imperium, but under the status that the 3 lands work with each other. Besides in his will, he made clear that 11 twelfths was to travel to the church? . In 811, Charlemagne? s oldest boy, Charles, died. This left merely Louis to regulate the imperium after his decease. Many felt that the Crown should non be passed to Louis, but instead to one of Charlemagne # 8217 ; s grandsons. But Charlemagne was determined to follow tradition. In 813, he summoned Louis to Aix-la-Chapelle to se ek and learn him how to regulate and empire. In September of that twelvemonth, Charlemagne crowned his boy, Louis the Pious, King of the Franks and Emperor of the Romans. Just a few months afterwards, Charlemagne was killed by a febrility after a hunting trip. He was 71 old ages old. Charlemagne, had the longest regulation to day of the month of any one swayer in Europe, the reign was 47 old ages. He had come to the throne in 768 at the age of 26, along with his brother. Throughout the 47 old ages of his regulation, he had changed the class of Europe. He reimplemented the Holy Roman Empire, and brought faith to many topographic points all over northern Europe. He had expanded the heads of people, by offering them free instruction. His great wars showed that he was a militarily superior adult male, but his personal life showed he was a good male parent, and a really devoted adult male. The chief beginning of information we get on Charlemagne is from Einhard, his narratives of Charlemagne still are reprinted today, but how much religion can we set on this nonreversible piece o grounds. Charlemagne was remembered for centuries after his decease, some narratives true and some fabricated, but in the eyes of most people, Charlemagne was one of the greatest regulations in history. Richard Winston, Charlemagne ( London, 1956 ) , 326. Einhard, The Life of Charlemagne ( Toronto, 1960 ) , 27. H.R. Loyn and J. Percival, The Reign of Charlemagne ( London, 1975 ) , 1. Einhard, The Life of Charlemagne, 27-28. E.M. Almedingen, Charlemagne ( Toronto, 1968 ) , 96-103. Winston, Charlemagne, 67-78. Winston, Charlemagne, 67-78. Donald Bullough, The Age Of Charlemagne ( London, 1965 ) , 203-207. Winston, Charlemagne, 39. Winston, Charlemagne, 40. Winston, Charlemagne, 255-258. Einhard, The Life of Charlemagne, 63-69.

Frankenstein - Book Report Essays - Frankenstein,

Frankenstein - Book Report The story of Frankenstein by Mary Shelley is about a man who created something that messes with nature, and nature came back to mess with him because nature is more powerful than man. Victor Frankenstein was very interested in natural philosophy and chemistry and basically tried to play G-d by creating life. When he found the secret of activating dead flesh, he created a superhuman being composed of rotted corpses. What he did was considered unthinkable, and he was haunted by his own creation. When the monster escaped, Frankenstein knew that he had to deal with the consequences of what the monster might do. Frankenstein received a letter one day which informed him of his younger brother William's murder, and immediately suspected that he was responsible, for he was the creator of the hideous monster. A friend of the family named Justine Moritz was the "presumed" murderer, and Frankenstein was determined to prove her innocent. Circumstantial evidence, however, led the courts to believe Justine guilty, because found in her pocket was a photograph which had belonged to William. Justine had been put to death, and Frankenstein had yet to find his creation. Finally, upon their meeting, the monster confessed to his creator of what he had been through, how he was rejected by society, and finally, how he had come to kill William. When William had revealed his name to the monster, the monster immediately figured that by killing the young boy, he would have revenge on Frankenstein for giving him life. The monster did not understand the concept of right and wrong and he especially didn't mean to kill anybody. His expression of anger ended up being violent, even fatal to the victim, and it just worked out that he killed people. As the monster's story continued, he demanded of Frankenstein a female mate who he can be with until his end, and promised to live away from society. Frankenstein, meanwhile, tried to restore the monster's demented mind so he could live a normal life. Although at first Frankenstein agreed to create a friend for the monster, he changed his mind for fear that between the two of them, his life, as well as many others, would be in danger. The creature wanted revenge, and so everything important in Frankenstein's life ended up being destroyed, including his wife and best friend.

identity2 essays

identity2 essays A variety of characteristics distingsh an individuals uniquness from one another. The word unique means "the only one of its kind". This words applies to me and every other human being in existence. The persons uniqness that develops comes from personalioty traits, humor, and there everyday interaction with people and life. My family, friends,culture and upbrining have shaped me into the person I am today. The most obvious of my unqiness coems form my first name . My dad gave me this name because his father's name was . The reason why it is spelled is because my mom liked it spelled that way so she stcuk with it. The name comes from the very northern tip of India called Kasmir. Having this name is not the easiest thing in the world because people are always butchering it. Some people call me others call me, but all my friends call me or . Having my name butchered doesnt really matter that much to my I know my name is unique and im proud to have a name not many people in this country have. The second factor that makes me diffrent and unique frome everybody else is my cultural background. As i said earlier my dad is from Kasmir and my mom is from Wisconson. This mixture of cultures makes me who I am. These two mixes of cultures have some positive and negative effects on my life. One negative effect is people cant really tell what nationality I am. Some people think I am hispanic some think im Jewish other people think im pakistani. A positive factor that this has on me is that it gives me my uniqness and people remeber me cause of my features (ex. hair color, skin color, eye color). This factor makes me unique and makes me stand out from the crowd. The third factor that makes me unique and diffrent from everybody else are my family and friends. This makes me unique becuase I value my friend as much as i value my family. These traits make me intresting and diffrent from everybody else. I think it ...

E-Commerce Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

E-Commerce Law - Essay Example g goods or services concluded between a supplier and a consumer under an organized distance sales or service-provision scheme run by the supplier who, for the purpose of the contract, makes exclusive use of one or more means of distance communication up to and including the moment at which the contract is concluded†. Schedule I of the Regulations gives a list of acceptable distance communication methods, these are letters, telephone calls, facsimiles, digital television, mail order, catalogue shopping, advertisements on the television, radio, in newspapers and e – mails. It is important to note that the customer has the right to cancel the order for goods within seven working days of having received the goods and in respect of services within seven working days from the date of contract. This is known as the cooling off period. The purpose of providing this cooling off period is to provide the consumer with sufficient time to examine and decide about the goods or services ordered and this emulates the more conventional method of shopping. The Regulations are inapplicable in respect of distance contracts excluded by regulation 5(1), some of these contracts are those relating to the supply of financial services. There is limited applicability, according to regulation 6, with regard to supply of groceries, contracts which aim to provide accommodation, transport, catering and the like. A comparison of the applicability of the regulations to goods and services will be made in the sequel. First, the supplier is bound to inform the customer as per the provisions contained in regulation 7, regarding the right to cancel the contract and also the main characteristics of the goods or services and the applicable delivery costs. Secondly, in cases where these regulations apply, they provide a cooling off period to the consumers so that they can cancel the contract by informing the supplier of the same. The effect of such a notice is that the contract is deemed to have

Interview with Nurse Manager Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Interview with Nurse Manager - Essay Example For example, the interviewee revealed that evidence based care enhances patient care, improves outcome, provide sufficient evidence for clinical, administrative and educational decision-making processes. Because of improved health care, the patients have been able to save significant cost that could purchase medication. Evidence based practice is known to consider the influences, whether external or internal, on the nursing practice and implores critical thinking during its application. Practitioners who utilize the evidence gathered can accurately judge and diagnose a patient. The process improves the quality of health care offered to the patients (Mantzoukas, 2007). The interview involved answering preset questions that focused on assessing the willingness of nurses in applying evidence-based practice. After vigorous consultations with the Hospital Review Board, permission was granted to the manager nurse and the selected nurse to participate in the interview. The first contact with the nurse was made during her weekly staff meetings. In this meeting, the institution review board’s permission was conveyed to the manager nurse to facilitate the interview. The privacy of the participating nurse was protected throughout the duration of the interview. Evidence based practice was designed to provide the health practitioners with numerous relevant information that would enable them make effective clinical decisions since its inception. The approach was beneficial because it allowed the discarding of the previously adhered traditional practice with an aim of improving the quality of clinical services. Due to the rising numbers of nurses in the decision making process, it is critical for them to access and utilize evidence in the provision of care. The interview reveled that nurses are the predominant health care providers in numerous health facilities. It is

Why Radical Islam Fears Bollywood Pop Culture Essay

Why Radical Islam Fears Bollywood Pop Culture - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that Islam serves as the third and final religion in the list of the three Abrahamic faiths with Judaism and Christianity as its predecessor beliefs. All these three religions cite their Scriptures not only to preach the teachings, but also exploit the same for their political, social and economic gains. It is therefore the famous maxim was invented that even the devil can cite Scriptures for his own purpose. The same could be applied on the purported extremist organizations including Al Qaeda and Taliban etc, and their satanic-minded leaders Osama bin Laden and his evil companions. By looking into the history of initial years of Islam, it becomes crystal clear that the faith has always been a religion of peace, kindness and compassion, which has treated even its worst enemies on the noblest principles of sympathy and humanity. However, like Judaism and Christianity, its reins and bridles came under the sway and control of the harsh and stone -hearted opportunists, who started exploiting the faith for their personal gains. The same is applied to Al Qaeda, which appears to be determined to create chaos, anarchy and disorder all over the world in the sacred name of Islam. Although the religious-minded people are justified in declaring semi-nude bodies, sexy poses and enticing gestures of women as strictly against the teachings of Islam, which are profoundly being exhibited through the platform of the Bollywood film industry. The Holy Scripture of Islam i.e. the Holy Qur’an asserts: â€Å"And say to the believing women that they should lower their gaze and guard their modesty; that they should not display their zeenah (adornment/make-up) except what must ordinarily appear thereof; that they should draw their khimar (or piece of veil) over their bosoms and not display their zeenah except to their husbands, their fathers.† (24:31-32) Thus, the Muslim Scripture commands the women to observe chastity and veil in o rder to escape the evil and ignoble staring of the licentious people. Somehow, inclusion of the actors from the Muslim community in bulk serves as a certain impediment for declaring singing and dance as vehemently opposite to the true Islamic culture and civilization. For instance, the so-called Muslim actresses of Bollywood including Saira bano, Madho Bala, Nargis, Zeenath Aman, Parveen Boby, Shabana Aazmi, Tabbu, Soha Khan, Katrina Kaif and others have performed very bold and semi-nude roles in the Indian films; while the industry is also abundant in the Muslim heroes including Daleep Kumar, Shahrukh Khan, Naseer-ud-Din Shah, Salman Khan, Fardeen Khan, which also play(ed) the romantic and exotic roles that are against the Islamic teachings. Similarly, the Muslim lyricists, script-writers, directors and choreographers etc including Kaifi Aazmi, Javed Akhtar, Farah Khan and many others have also played their decisive part in the projection and promotion of Indian music, dance and ac ting sectors at large. The analyst Shikha Dalmia is of the opinion that the Indian films are very popular in all Muslim countries, and playing romantic and exotic roles through the Muslim actors and actresses particularly reveal different aspects of the contemporary Muslim showbiz personnel in modern life, participation of which is destroying the Al Qaeda efforts

The Real White Mans Burden Irony and Symbolism

The Real White Mans Burden Irony and Symbolism I aim to evaluate the use of irony and symbol in the poems The White Mans Burden and the Real White Mans Burden to see how effective both writers were in using these elements to convey meanings. In the case of Kipling, I will consider two points of views. The first point of view is that Kipling was an imperialist who supports the take over of other governments to show superiority. The second point of view is that Kipling was an imperialist who supports the take over of other governments as an act of humanity to bring civilization to the uncivilized and, that he warns of the perils of showing superiority as oppose to bringing true liberation. In the case of Crosby, since he presents a single view point, I will evaluate his effectiveness of using irony and symbolism in parodying the work of Kipling. Effectively used, irony and symbol could convey a message with more than one meaning as demonstrated in Rudyard Kiplings poem The White Mans Burden or, they could convey a single message de monstrated in Ernest H. Crosbys poem The Real White Mans Burden. In the final analysis, I submit that the effective use of the elements of poetry, in this case, irony and symbol, are vital to the correct interpretation and understanding of the meaning of both poems. In order to establish a well-rounded understanding of the basis for the two interpretations of Kiplings work and the single interpretation of the work of Crosby, I submit definitions for the terms imperialism, irony, and symbol. These definitions will also serve to show whether or not there was effectiveness in the use of the elements of poetry, in both poems. As defined by Dictionary.Com: Imperialism is the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies. Irony is the discrepancy between what is said, done, expected or intended, and what is meant, what happens, and what others understand. Satirical irony is the exposure of the vices or follies of an individual, a group, an institution, an idea, a society, usually with a view to correct the folly. Symbol is anything that stands for something else. (Dictionary.Com) Having establishing the definitions, I will now analyze the use of irony and symbols in Ruyard Kiplings poem. While Kipling uses both irony and symbols, his use of irony is greater. Kiplings expertly uses irony to bring about the intended end result of two opposing perspectives as to whether imperialism is for human good or elitist gain. In the first view point, Kipling uses the poem The White Mans Burden to encourage America to take over the Phillipines imperialistically or, for elitist gain. Kipling writes: Take up the White mans burden / Send forth the best ye breed / Go bind your sons in exile / To serve your captives need; (1-4) The first observation of the poem is Kiplings decision to call the poem The White Mans Burden. Undoubtedly, the use of the phrase White Man is the lightening rod that sparks the view that Kiplings position was that of an imperialist having at its core the tenets of Social Darwinism. According to Kretchner, the concept of Social Darwinism purports that natural order obligates powerful, civilized nations to appropriate the limited resources of the weak. (Kretchmar) Hence, Kiplings urging of America to assist the Phillipines to reach civilization may be interpreted as him supporting the imperialistic movement. Even further, Kiplings encouragement that the empire should send forth the best ye breed has very strong racial connotations. During that time in history, blacks were not considered as equals to whites in America. The unequal treatment of blacks was so prevalent in Americas economic, political, and social systems that James Weldon Johnson, writes Lift Every Voice and Sing also known as the Black National Anthem, to encourage black people to sing and march until victory is won. This cry for equality continues in 1968, with Martin Luther King still only having a dream of equality. Though, in 2008, Barrack Obama becomes the first black President, there still remains the cry for true equality. In addition to the charges to Take up White Mans burden / Send forth the best ye breed(1-2), Kiplings use of phrases such as To veil the threat of terror / And check the show of pride. (11-12) asserts that the Empire must do what is necessary to eliminate resistance and to subdue insurrections against Imperialism. Not only should the Empire silence the voices of the captives, but she must also limit or remove any signs of pride that they might muster. Further, Kiplings characterizations of the people as On fluttered folk and wild / New caught- sullen peoples, / Half-devil and half-child. (6-8) may be easily construed as connatively condescending. Kipling seems to imply that the empire must be prepared to reinforce her stance By open speech and simple / A hundred times make plain (13-14). Kiplings distinction of the empire seem to be lofty in its tone. By marrying the symbols of the captives as being inferior people to the santimonious responsibility of the Empire to bring civility to the uncivilized, one can conclude that Kipling supports that the Empire is superior and hence has the responsibility to bring civility to the uncivilized. Ironically, the same body of work that interpretively champions the Empire as being superior to the captives, implores the empire to be fair and complete in its liberation of the captives. The second point of view to the work of Kipling in the The White Mans Burden is 4that he advocates for the fair treatment of the captives. Kiplings urging of the empire to liberate the captives and to take care of their needs can be found throughout his poem. According to Bonamy Dobree, while speaking to Canadians in 1907, Kipling said: I have, I confess it now, done my best for about twenty years to make all men of  the sister nations within the Empire interested in each other. Because I know that at heart all our men are pretty much alike, in that they have the same aspirations, and when all is said and done we have only each other to depend upon. (Dobree 80) Kipling demonstrates a view consistent to those who believe that true liberation is not oppressive. For example, he writes: Take up the White Mans burden / The savage wars of peace- / Fill full the mouth of Famine / And bid the sickness cease; (17-20) Further, Kipling warns the Empire that all of its actions or inactions, all that it say or not say will help to determine how the captives view the Empire and its God. Here is what Kipling says: By all ye cry or whisper, / By all ye leave or do, / The silent, sullen peoples / Shall weigh your gods and you. (45-48) In addition to how the captives view the Empire and its God, Kipling writes that other countries and future generations will also look at the treatment of the captives and judge the Empire. Kipling goes on to tell the empire not to celebrate its victory or relish in the praise, since these acts are childish, but that the Empire should be more concern with how the work would be judged by the Empires peers for years to come.To encapsulate the view that Kipling wanted the Empire to bring civilization without showing superiority, his closing verse from the poem is submitted. Kipling writes: Take up the White Mans burden / Have done with childish days / The lightly preferred laurel, / The easy, ungrudged praise. / Comes now, to search your manhood / Through all the thankless years / Cold. Edged with dear-bought wisdom, / The judgment of your peers! (49-56) These words clearly indicate that Kipling encourage the Empire to be honorable in its dealings with the Natives. Contrary to the school of thought that Kipling advocates civilization with true liberation, is Crosbys position that the Empire uses blessings as a doorway to go in and take away the true riches of the people and in exchange gives them an oppressive life style. Unlike Kiplings rendering of his poem, The White Mans Burden where he shows his trust for the Empire, Crosby in his parody The Real White Mans Burden, blatantly shows his mistrust of the Empire. Most importantly, though he employs heavy use of irony and symbols to demonstrate his opposing view of the Empire, Crosby does not dillute the single message of his poem. First, Crosbys title of the poem is a clear indicator of his dissent from Kiplings views. He uses the term White Man to solidify the object of his remarks, but, he goes further by using the word Real which ironically implies that there is a masking of the truth. Crosbys title speaks strongly of his judgment against the Empire. Historically, his point of view is drawn from his experiences as a social activist and as a black man living in America at the time of the Spanish American War. According to an essay by Andrew Hebard, Crosbys position on Imperialism mirrors that of Amy Kaplan who says imperialism is as a network of power relations that changes over space and time and is riddled with instability, ambiguity, and disorder, rather than as a monolithic system of domination that the very word empire implies. (Hebard) Next, are observations of the blending of symbol and irony used by Crosby to demonstrate his view of the Empire. Crosby believes that the motive of the Empire is ill-willed. He also believes that their chaiotic sytems bring failure, and the Empire dangle proverbial carrots in exchange for far more valuable gains. Crosbys position is that the eventual outcome of imperialism will be social, economical, and political oppression. At this time, a detailed look at Crosbys use of irony and symbols to depict the social climate that prevailed in America, the climate which he opposed to being introduced to the Natives, is warranted. Crosby asserts: Take up the White Mans burden; / Send forth your sturdy sons, / And load them down with whisky / And Testaments and guns. (1-4) Ironically, these lines subliminally say that the drinking of whiskey mask the truth, since it is widely known that people who consume too much alcohol are not as cognitively aware as they should be and, therefore, not able to think correctly are apt to believe anything told to them. Further, being loaded down with whiskey causes a usually sturdy person to stagger, and even fall. More overtly though, is the fact that Testament represents truth and wholesomeness, and guns represent power and destruction. But, because the minds are altered with alcohol, the masking of the real motive is easily perpetrated. There is a strong possibility that the soldiers will introduce the social ill of alcoholism to the natives, and will also help to spread propoganda about the good of imperialisim thereby causing the natives to become drunk and misinformed. The abililty of the natives to think reasonably correct about their condition will be diminished. To further support his view of social failure and to show that the Empire thinks that the Natives have limited information and can be easily captured if not military, certainly they can be captured through the spread of socially communicable diseases. Crosby writes: Throw in a few diseases / to spread in tropic climes, / For there the healthy niggers / Are quite behind the times. (5-8) Crosby bolsters his position of social oppression by saying: Give them electrocution chairs, / And prisons too, galore, / And if they seem inclined to kick, / Then spill their heathen gore. (21-24) The symbols of electrocution chairs, prisons, and gore ironically speaks of death both physically and mentally. Physically speaking, there is the death of the person whether by electrocution, or the spilling of the blood. Then, there is death of having freedom of space, since prisons limit movement. While subtle, based on Crosbys account, the intention to kill the dreams of the natives, screams from the pages of history. Crosby knows from his experience, that if any form of resistance, whether through word or action, is shown, if any attempt to pursue any dreams, ideologies, or customs that threatens the goals of the Empire is made, that the Empire would by any means necessary, ensure that the pursuit of those dreams was deferred and dry up like A Raisins in the Sun. (Diyanni 1870 ) In addition to social oppression, Crosby purports that the Natives will be opressed economically through hard labor as well as through the Empires system of taxation and debt. The view point of oppresive labor is aptly projected through the use of irony. Crosby claims: And dont forget the factories. / on those benighted shores / They have no cheerful iron mills / Nor eke departmemnt stores / They never work twelve hours a day, / And live in strange content. (9-14) Through his masterful use of irony, Crosby argues that the natives, who did not work as long hours as did the Americans, were very content with what little they thought they had. However, the bigger issue for Crosby appears to be that Empire knew that the natives were actually very successful and wealthy and sought to make them believe that their way of life was inadequate, and to turn them from being owners of the land to laborers in the land so that the Empire may be expanded. (A perfect combination of imperialism and colonialism!) Even more indicative of his stance against economic oppression, Crosby decried the imposing of taxation and debt. He writes: Take up the White Mans burden, / And teach the Phillipines / What interest and taxes are / and what a mortgage means. (17-20) Again, in Crosbys minds eye, there is the irony of a people who are successful in their simple but, independent way of life who being militarily inferior are consequently forced to become failures by their dependence on a monstrous financial system. In a final attempt to show the fallacy of the Empire, Crosby highlights the political climate that the Empire embraces. He pens: They need our labor question, too, / And politics and fraud. / Weve made a pretty mess at home; / Lets make a mess abroad. (25 -28) The irony in these lines humorously evaluate the endeavor of the Empire to fix anothers problem, when it cannot solve its own problems. In a nutshell, Crosby believes that Imperialism is a preposterous veiled attempt to cloak greed in kind deeds by using methods that are disfunctional. In summarizing his single message of the failure and hypocrisy of the Empire, Crosby does three things. First he mocks what the Empire regards as a valiant mission, Next, he shows the unparrarel trade that the Empire wants, and then, he addresses the faà §ade of the scripting of the mission that the Empire prefer to be written in the annals of history. The use of satirical irony and symbols are well armoured vehicles to deliver these points. Crosby declares: Take up the White Mans burden; / to you who thus succeed / In civilizing savage hordes / They owe a debt, indeed; (33 -36) Crosby questions the validity of the mission. He goes on to weigh the exchange between the Empire and the Natives. He adds: Concessions, pensions, salaries, / And priviledge and right, / with outstretched hands you raised to bless / Grab everything in sight. (37 -40). In terms of irony, not only is there a contrast between how much is given verses how much is taken, but, also of what is given verses what is taken. The natives receive a few limited handouts like agreements, benefits, and paychecks and, in exchange the Empire takes ownership of the natives land and naturual resources. Interpretively, Crosby demostrates this transaction as a falling leap by going from owning to owing; which is very much an uneven trade. Finally, he attacks the hypocrisy of using the art of writing to distort the issue and hide the true motive of the Empire. It is necessary to present the catalog of words Crosby uses to expose what he views as being socially, economically, and politically incorrect . Crosby concludes: Take up the White Mans burden, / And if your write in verse, / Flatter your Nations vices, / And strive to make them worse. / Then learn that if with pious words / you ornament each phrase, / In a world of canting hypocrites / This kind of business pays. (41 48) Fittingly, Crosby uses satirical irony to reveal the true motive of the insincere enthusiam that Crosby believes Kipling is showing for the Empires high ideals of pious goodness. Crosby is successful in presenting the single viewpoint of the Empires greed disguised as bringing civility to the uncivilized. In conclusion, the expert use of irony and symbol by both Kipling and Crosby prove to be excellent conveyors of the poets messages. Kiplings use of irony and symbol brillantly delivered two very contradictory positions. He lauds Imperialism by advocating that it is the responsibility of civilized nations to help to bring civilization to underdeveloped nations. He also decries the pride of thinking to be superior and being unfair to people perceived to be less finanically fortunate, not as socially advanced, and not as politically savvy. Like Kipling, Crosby employs irony and symbols to deliver his solo message. Crosbys message is that the Empire is hypocrital in its motive and that the gist of what they really wanted to do was camoflagued by missions to humanity, and described as helping to bring civilization to the uncivilized. Clearly, the poets use of irony and symbol shaped the understanding and interpretation of the poems intended meanings. The use of Irony and Symbol was so wel l executed, there remains no argument as to the value of these elements in both poems.

Prairie Dogs: A Modern Day Plague :: Free Argumentative Essays

Prairie Dogs ? A Modern Day Plague Almost Every Morning on the plains of eastern Colorado, rancher Ken Holmes squints through a riflescope and sights in on a fat, little prairie dog. At the blink of an eye, he pulls the trigger and a hollow-tipped slug erupts from the barrel. Two hundred yards later, the slug explodes in the prairie dog scattering its ravaged flesh across the plains. Some people say that this is a horrible act, but for ranchers like Ken Holmes, it's away to save his grazing fields. The prairie dog is a controversial animal because many people perceive them to be a prolific nuisance. Shooting and poisoning has reduced an extremely large population, which once covered most of the western U.S. and northern Mexico. In Texas, the historic population at the turn of the century in 1900 was estimated to be approximately 5.5 billion animals. Today, numbers of prairie dogs in Texas are estimated at only 300,000 (cdri). Maybe if these numbers keep decreasing at such an alarming rate, the prairie dog problem may actually come to an end. So no local, state, or federal government should try to bring these numbers up. This animal digs gigantic burrows, and makes extensive tunnels underneath the Earth's surface (bitterroot). This natural act the prairie dog makes kills grass and destroys fields taking away feed for cattle and crops for food. Many scientists believe that this act is a natural fertilizer, giving nutrients back to the soil (National Geographic p.116). If this natural act is a fertilizer, then why are many ranchers and farmers faced with a loss of money. Usually due to the fact that these burrows take up a wide range of they're fields making it difficult to grow and raise anything for a profit. Also, if this fertilizing act actually fertilizes the land, then why is it that they seem to destroy a field rather than help it? Rather than try to shoot them or poison them, some have tried to set aside protected areas, and relocate the prairie dogs. In Boulder, Colorado, approximately 20,000 feet of visual barrier was installed along boundaries of these protected areas. The cost of that was $23,000, but that figure represents only enough to cover about 7.5% of the perimeter surrounding the area. It would require an additional $242,350 to finish that barrier. Instead of this expensive barrier, relocating them was the second option. In order to do this, it would cost upwards of $100,000 just to move them somewhere else (ci boulder). That is a lot of money to be throwing around on an animal that not many people like. If people were going to