How Significant Was The Economic Policy During The Russian...

HOW SIGNIFICANT WAS BOLSHEVIK ECONOMIC POLICY DURING THE RUSSIAN CIVIL WAR FOR THE SOVIET UNION? The Bolshevik Economic Policy during the Civil War was significant for the Soviet Union as it helped to win the war and was the first implementation of Communist ideology anywhere. In addition, it affected many people, led to the Tambov Revolt and the Kronstadt Mutiny and had long-term political consequences. The Bolsheviks’ aim was to dismantle the outdated structure of Tsarist regime and create a new economic system beneficial to all by introducing first Trotsky’s War Communism and subsequently the New Economic Policy [NEP]. As historians we measure significance by the consequences of an event. Therefore, this essay will argue that the Bolshevik Economic Policy’s main significance was that it represented a major turning point in the running of the country, that the introduction of War Communism led to success in the Civil War, and that its subsequent failure led to the NEP with its own consequences for the Soviet Union. War Communism, ‘the measures introduced to gear the economy for the war effort’ and the first part of the Bolshevik Economic Policy, represented a turning point for the Soviet Union because it helped the Red Army to win the Civil War; in addition it was the first implementation of Communism anywhere, therefore this was the most significant effect. To defeat the White Army Trotsky developed ways to keep his army well supplied and battle-ready. Food wasShow MoreRelatedCold War Influence in Latin America1616 Words   |  7 PagesCold War Influence in Latin America The United States and the Soviet Union competed against each other during the Cold War in the second half of the 20th Century like a chess game, with the world as their chessboard and countries as pawns in their game. For the Russians, a critical part of the chessboard was Cuba and Latin America. The Russians believed that if they could align themselves with countries in the western hemisphere, America’s â€Å"backyard†, it would help the Soviet Union counter the strongRead MoreA Very Brief Look at Russian History2171 Words   |  9 Pages This meant that the French army was left with little resources to plunder, thus leaving them hungry and demoralized. Further, the French decided to abandon the incursion right at the beginning of winter, where the frigid temperatures and long trek succeeded in culling down the number of French troops. This victory by the Russians assured them of prominence in European politics. By the nineteenth century, the people began to take more rigorous measures. During the Decembrist Revolt of 1825, someRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of Communism in the Soviet Union Essay1523 Words   |  7 PagesThe command system, which is also described as Marxism, socialism, or communism, is both a political and economic philosophy. In a communist economy, the government owns most of the firms, subsequently controlling production and allocation of resources. One of the most well-known and well-documented cases of a communist government took place in the Soviet Union, beginning in 1917 and eventually falling in 1992. Idealistically, communism eliminates social classism and provides equal work for allRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm1711 Words   |  7 Pages1A. Mr. Jones is a significant character because his actions and bad deeds provoked the animal rebellion, similarly to how Tsar Nicholas II ignorance led his abdication, ending the Romanov rule and replacing it with the new Bolshevik government (Krieger 185). Moreover, in the story, the animals replaced what used to be â€Å"Manor Farm† to â€Å"Animal Farm†, and Orwell does this to resemble the transformation of Russia’s government. There are other events in the story that parallel the true events that resembleRead MoreTaking a Look at the Cold War1243 Words   |  5 Pages The Cold war The cold war began in 1945 and last till 1990.It involved many nation but the two main opponents were the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The cold war was a conventional power struggle between the two greatest military powers of the age . However; the Cold War was a struggle for world influence between two ways of life. The conflict in ideologies between capitalism and communism resulted in one of the greatest conflicts of the twentieth century ². The ideologyRead MoreNo File Essay2369 Words   |  10 PagesReview Questions How does the Russian Federation suffer from its location, physical features, and climate? What is unique about the Transcaucasus area in terms of climate?  · The Russian Federation covers a large area (more than 10,000 kilometers east-west and more than 2500 kilometers north-south); it takes a full week to travel by train from St. Petersburg in the west to Vladivostok in the east. Russia is also predominantly northern, with nearly half its territory north of 60Read MoreEssay about Transition from Communism in Belarus1463 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscussion is Belarus. This paper will first discuss the transition from communism based on the experience of living under communist rule. Second, the significant historical factors from 1920-1991 that led to the fall of communism will be given and traced as to how they affected the process of the transition. Finally, the choices made by Belarus during and after the transition period will be traced back to historical and transitional factors that influenced them. Inarguable evidence will be notedRead MoreCoexistence of Private and Public Sectors1989 Words   |  8 PagesNew Economic PolicyFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search For the Malaysian New Economic Policy, see Malaysian New Economic Policy. Soviet Union This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the Soviet Union -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Government[show]ConstitutionGovernment MinistriesState CommitteesExecutive OfficerCouncil of People s CommissarsCouncil of MinistersCabinet of MinistersStateRead MoreThe Collapse of Communism in the USSR, Central, and Eastern Europe1102 Words   |  4 Pagesall the resources, economic activities are owned by state or country. † It is a system in which wealth is dispersed equally among the people and there is no private ownership of the resources and wealth. The state owns and controls resources and property. Soviet model of communism was based on these ideals, all the opposition parties were banned only who shared the communist ideals were allowed. Complete power was into the hands of the Communist party. In 1917, the Soviet Union witnessed the BolshevikRead MoreEssay The Power of Ideology1484 Words   |  6 Pagesthere would be no call to use such a disparaging weapon. The ideas of influential leaders, both right and wrong, are more potent in war than what is universally understood. The world in actuality is ruled by them, and contrasting ideologies cause massive collateral damage. Conflicting ideologies of Communism and Capitalism were set aside in World War II when the Russians and the Americans united as allies to face Nazi Germany as the common enemy. With the defeat of Germany, Russia and the United States

Civic Engagement and Social Responsibility Free Essay Example, 1000 words

During this era, whites were superior in every sense and other people had to deprive their wants or needs for them. This arrest sparked controversy and hence King and other comrades formed the Montgomery improvement association (MIA) to protest this arrest. This group headed by King organized a boycott of the Montgomery buses where the lack populace stayed off the buses (King, paper1:300). The boycott extended to thirteen full months when the Supreme Court failed to address their concerns. King was vehement in his public talks that they would fight with determination to attain justice. King and his comrades wanted fairness in the bus system and for a long time fight efforts. Their needs were not met. However, the boycott elicited external support and other individuals moved by his ideals sought him to help him out in his civil rights. The non-violent direct action finally bore fruits when in 1956, the federal district court ruled that bus segregation was unconstitutional and laws re quiring segregated seating were struck down. What was more compelling to other people of Montgomery to help the civil rights movement was not the boycott largely but the tactic used by King to combine mass non-violent protests with true Christian morals which became a strong model to challenge the standing of the southern population against racial equality. We will write a custom essay sample on Civic Engagement and Social Responsibility or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now His tactics were similar to Gandhi who used similar methods of non-violent civil disobedience to instill change in native India (King, papers, 359-357). His success in propelling the drive for equal rights consequently made him a target of conservative segregationist who firmly believed that the white race was ultimate superior and hence social change to them was not an option. It was due to this, that he got arrested twenty times within ten years and had his family threatened with two unsuccessful bombings of his home. This however did not deter him or his spirit as he urged his followers on that even if he died someone else would take his place. From a young age we are taught to be obedient to the rules set by authority and wait till the same authority wills to modify the rules. We are streamlined to follow these rules because doing otherwise will remit punishment. In Dr. King’s letter from Birmingham, he cries to his fellow men the colore d race that they have been ordered to wait all their life, this waiting in the language of authority can be translated to never. He voices that their wait for justice has been long foregone and that sometimes â€Å"justice too long delayed is simply justice denied. † (King, Call, 171-199) In this letter, his plea to his people is that sometimes it reaches a certain point that individuals will have to disobey so that good prevails.

Project Management †the Managerial Process - 1609 Words

Assignment #2: Ducks Unlimited Keystone Conference: Initial Planning Name: David T. Browne Instructor: Dr. Penny Wilkins Bus 517: Project Management – The Managerial Process Date: January 29th, 2011 Describe the elements of scope for the project In discussing the elements of scope for the project, we can look at the scope checklist which gives us the ingredients of the scope definition. These elements in the checklist are as follows: project objective, deliverables, milestones, technical requirements, limits and exclusions, and reviews with customers (if applicable). The Ducks Unlimited Keystone Conference project has information given through the statement of this case study as follows: As a project manager†¦show more content†¦For example the project requires that the conference be held in Charlottesville, NC. The venue is limited to this city and state and the contractor cannot move it to another venue. Evaluate priorities, list them and explain your rationale Forming the priorities for the project considers the three project measurement elements: cost, scope, and time. By determining with the customer which one of these elements are the priority over the others, the project manager can determine which element can be the constraint, which one can be enhanced, and which element to accept. This can affect the quality of the project if time, cost, or scope is the priority. With this project, we do know that the cost of the project cannot exceed a budget of $1.2 million. Therefore the cost is a constraint – no flexibility in this area. Time could be accepted, meaning that the date for the conference could be in twenty or twenty one month – not an exact date. Performance or scope of the project can be enhanced with the flexibility of the projects that the individual teams undertake before the conference. In fact, the service at the venue could be of elegant quality or simply good food. The scope of this project could be enhanced . Develop a preliminary WBS When we look at the preliminary WBS we have to consider the hierarchical breakdown of the job that will have to be finalized in order to complete a successful project. In orderShow MoreRelated†¢ Project Management 5th Edition: the Managerial Process / Erik W. Larson, Clifford F. Gary. Copyright 2011.1232 Words   |  5 PagesModern Project Management. 1. Project: A project is an effort or endeavor undertaken for a period of time in the purpose to build, create or achieve a unique product, services or result. The Characteristics are: * It has an established objective. * It has a defined life span i.e. (Beginning and end) * It involves the input of several departments and professionals. * It’s Unique, because it is what has never been done before. * It makes vital use of specific time, cost andRead MoreProject Management : Application Of Knowledge, Skills, Tools And Techniques885 Words   |  4 Pages EMEN 5030 PROJECT MANAGEMENT JOURNAL Pavani Potluri Graduate Student Interdisciplinary Telecom Program TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 3 2. PROJECT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIC PLANNING 5 3. THE PROJECT MANAGER 7 4. PROJECT ORGANISATION AND PROJECT TEAMS 9 5. COMMUNICATION AND STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 11 6. CONFLICT AND NEGOTIATION 13 REFERENCES 14 1. INTRODUCTION Project Management is not limited to a particular sector of the industryRead MoreManagerial Feasibility1338 Words   |  6 PagesDefinition of Managerial Feasibility Studies: Managerial Feasibility studies is the objectively and rationally uncover the strengths and weaknesses of an existing business or proposed venture, opportunities and threats which are presented by the environment, the resources required to carry through, and ultimately the prospects for success. In its simplest terms, the two criteria to judge feasibility are cost required and value to be attained. Managerial feasibility study is an analysis of the viabilityRead MoreProject And Attend Executive Update Sessions1117 Words   |  5 Pagesinvolved with the project and attend executive update sessions? o Where they clear that the project could contribute to the competitive advantage of the firm? o Do they understand the risks and will they be willing to see the project through its rough times? o How much support does top management have among its peers, subordinates and their bosses? o Will they provide support when tough decisions have to be made? (Shore) When working on a global project having the support of senior management both at theRead MoreThe Ideals And Understanding Behind Management1132 Words   |  5 Pagesand understanding behind management has varied largely throughout recent years and new theories and strategies have been developed to help managers and organizations succeed. The ability to succeed for any business or organization relies heavily on the abilities of the manager. No managerial position is the same as there are a multitude of variances and the organization’s industry in which they conduct business is key. An example of a specific industry with immense managerial needs is the constructionRead MoreManagement for Built Environment964 Words   |  4 PagesSubject : MANAGEMENT FOR BUILT ENVIRONMENT ââ€" ª Course : B.SC (HONS) CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT ââ€" ª Subject Code : ECM3134 ââ€" ª Subject Status : Major ââ€" ª Semester : 1 ââ€" ª Assessment : 50%=Final Examination; 50%=Coursework Lecturer Details ââ€" ª Lecturer : Jeffrey Lee Sheu Tiong ââ€" ª HP/Tel : 019 2728655 ââ€" ª E-mail Address : jeffreylee@segi.edu.my Learning Material Main Text : G Cole, â€Å"Management Theory and Practice†Read MoreWeek 10 Amba 640970 Words   |  4 PagesAMBA 640 Executive Summary – This paper emphasizes the importance of Project Management, Operations Management and Information Systems Management at work place. It gives brief problems from my work place – Verizon Federal Network System. All three management are important to the company and it represents company indirectly. Managerial Problems – Managing people is not easy, because everyone is an individual personality and everyone has their own opinion. Everyday people face differentRead MorePlanning At Different Levels, Project Planning, And The Drawbacks Of Poor Strategic Planning1268 Words   |  6 Pages Planning Planning within an organization is essential as it is the first of five managerial functions. Simply put, planning includes what an organization should do and how to do it. Without planning a manager may not organize, staff, lead, or control the organization efficiently and effectively. Throughout this paper I would like to discuss strategic planning, planning at different levels, project planning, and the drawbacks of poor strategic planning. According to the textbook strategic planningRead MorePoor Management Outline Essay1247 Words   |  5 PagesPage 1 This capstone project will attempt to demonstrate how toxic managers and poor managerial decisions in general have lead to a very bad working environment. Through research over the Internet as well as the polling that has recently taken place in my workplace I will provide a foundation for my capstone project. This project involves a great deal of importance to both my personal and professional lives. The rationale behind my choice of this as my capstone project topic can be quite simplyRead MoreUnderstanding the Managerial Challenges of the Orion Shield Project1095 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Understanding the Managerial Challenges of the Orion Shield Project: A Case Study Analysis There is an ancient Chinese proverb, A fish rots from the head. Nowhere is the wisdom of this phrase more evident than in the management of large projects or organizations. In the Orion Shield scenario provided, a variety of critical decisions made by a novice project manager jeopardized the success of the project and resulted in his demotion. The project consisted of producing materials to improve the

Procrastination Essay - 1141 Words

Procrastination nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Procrastination is the avoidance of doing a task that needs to be accomplished. Procrastination has a high potential for painful consequences. It may interfere with our personal or academic success. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; There are those of us who wait until the due date is a day away. I am not talking about making sure the money is in the bank. I am talking about putting it off because it is a tedious chore that we do not enjoy doing. Procrastination is a big problem for many, and one that can harm your career. Whether your procrastination causes you to arrive late at work or late for meetings, or keeps you from turning projects in on time, employers do not look positively upon it†¦show more content†¦If this is the case, begin at the beginning, with the first segment, and do it extraordinarily well. But only strive for perfection where it counts. The rest of the time, just do it. Remember, the next time youre procrastinating and cant seem to overcome it, stop and figure out why. Is the task even worth doing? If so, pick the appropriate solution based upon the root cause and youll whittle away those piles in no time. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Also procrastination can be stopped if you recognize self-defeating problems such as fear and anxiety, difficulty concentrating, poor time management, indecisiveness and perfectionism. Identify your own goals, strengths and weaknesses, values and priorities. Compare your actions with the values you feel you have. Are your values consistent with your actions? Discipline yourself to use time wisely: Set priorities. Study in small blocks instead of long time periods. For example, you will accomplish more if you study/work in 60 minute blocks and take frequent 10 minute breaks in between, than if you study/work for 2-3 hours straight, with no breaks. Reward yourself after you complete a task. Motivate yourself to study: Dwell on success, not on failure. Try to study in small groups. Break large assignments into small tasks. Keep a reminder schedule and checklist. Set realistic goals. Modify your environment: Eliminate or minimize noise/ distraction. Ensure adequate lighting. Have necessary equipment at hand.Show MoreRelatedProcrastination : The Problem Of Procrastination Essay1091 Words   |  5 PagesMany people believe that procrastination is derived completely from laziness but the culprit could be multiple things, including perfectionism. This can become a huge problem for perfectionists, especially perfectionist students. They most lik ely will overthink projects and put off getting started because they’re afraid they won’t be able to make them as perfect as they want them to be. Luckily this is a common issue among students and there are many different techniques to cope with it. StudentsRead MoreProcrastination And Procrastination Is Not My Problem Essay1668 Words   |  7 Pagesthink of procrastination the first word that comes to most of our minds is lazy. Laziness and procrastination seem to go hand in hand and often procrastination is caused by us simply being lazy. However, procrastination is a chronic and constant problem for many of us and while some of us may also be chronically lazy as well, most of us aren’t. I am, unfortunately, a person that battles procrastination and I can say that laziness is usually not my problem. I believe that procrastination comes downRead More Procrastination Essay1020 Words   |  5 Pagesto stay committed to doing so because I am a procrastinator. Ià ¢â‚¬â„¢ve gotten some help with my procrastination from various web sites. That’s why this evening I would like to talk to you about three important aspects of procrastination. These include the reasons for procrastinating, some symptoms of procrastination, and how to cure procrastination, but first, let me explain what procrastination is. Procrastination, though not officially classified as such, is a complex psychological behavior that affectsRead MorePerfectionism And Procrastination919 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Procrastination is a common form of self-regulatory failure with substantive connections† where the tendency is to put off tasks. (Steel, Farrari, 2013) Perfectionism is when one sets very high expectations often in an â€Å"overly critical manner† (Frost, Marten, Lahart,Rosenblate,1990). There’s two types of perfectionism, adaptive and maladaptive where adaptive components are beneficial to the situational and maladaptive components will be detrimental to the individual. (Piers Steel, Thomas BrothenRead MoreProcrastination On College Students : Procrastination2056 Words   |  9 PagesProcrastination in College Writing Out of all of the different questions I could think of regarding writing among college students and how each individual goes about doing their work in different ways, I decided the best topic that I could focus on was procrastination. Procrastination on college campuses seems to be a force of nature in and of itself, and seems to be prevalent in almost every students’ academic affairs. I surveyed a total of twelve students around the student center over a periodRead More Procrastination Essays932 Words   |  4 Pagesobjectives in your life which can effect others. Procrastination is almost like a drug in your life, because once you start doing it a little bit, it slowly adds up to a dependency that you will find to be common habit. Although this is what we all perceive procrastination to be bad, there are some benefits to it. It can have beneficial impact on how you take pressure, or how well you can act when time is limited. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Procrastination is something that you don’t naturally haveRead More Procrastination Essay526 Words   |  3 PagesProcrastination Procrastination is the act or habits of putting things off till the end out of laziness. Almost every student knows this dreaded word. They know if it becomes a habit, disaster happens with a sharp decline in school grades. But what they don’t realize is that procrastinating can actually benefit you in school. It can make you work harder, faster, and more efficiently on school assignments. Even life skills in the real world can be created from procrastinating. Procrastination canRead MoreProcrastination Research2781 Words   |  12 Pages Academic Procrastination and Academic Achievement Luciano, Kristel Joy A. ABPsych 2-2 Introduction to Psychology Psych 125 Academic Procrastination and Academic Achievement Nowadays, procrastination has been a common phenomenon happening in our daily lives. This practice can be observeRead MoreCauses and Effects of Procrastination764 Words   |  3 Pagesschool, college or even the workplace, many people tend to neglect an assignment that has an approaching deadline. It is merely impossible for people to claim that they have never waited until the last minute to complete a task. Recognizably, procrastination is not an unfamiliar term. I can vividly remember frantically attempting to complete a paper at almost two in the morning, just several hours before it was due. With my eyes heavy and my mind racing back and forth between my laptop screen andRead MoreThe Negative Influences Of Procrastination1344 Words   |  6 PagesNegative Influences of Procrastination We’ve all had a paper due on a Wednesday that we had known about for the past two weeks, but for some unknown and involuntary reason, we choose to save it for a Tuesday evening, which turns into a Wednesday morning as we frantically work to finish an assignment we probably could have finished in class over a couple of days. We may have been preoccupied those couple of weeks, with a job, or sports; maybe even putting together a fundraiser of some sort. Or maybe

Accounting and Governance A2 Milk Company

Question: Describe about the Accounting and Governance for A2 Milk Company. Answer: The selected Company, in this case, is A2 Milk Company. This paper intends to examine whether this Company has complied with AASB 102 regarding inventory reporting. It will also uncover whether there is any potential gap between the current practice of A2 Milk and accounting standard requirements. The examination will be based various requirements including definition, measurement, cost of inventories, cost formulas, net realizable value, recognitions as an expense, and disclosures of inventories (Siegel and Borgia 2012). Under disclosure requirement as reflected in paragraph (36-39 of AASB 102), the company is in compliance with the standard. A2 Milk Company has ensured that the carrying of inventories is recognized as an expense during the trading period as reflected in the annual report 2014-15. The company has recognized the amount of write-down of inventories as a reduction in the amount of the inventories acknowledged as an expense in the trading period (Income and Sheet 2012). The company is also in compliance with AASB 102 paragraph (34-35) which deals with recognition of inventory as an expense. The carrying amount of sold stock has been acknowledged as an expense in the trading period related to the proceeds from sale recognition. The reversals of the write-down to take-home achievable values recognition has been shown in the report as a decrease in the value of stock as an expenditure in the reversal period. The company is also in compliance with AASB 102 (paragraph) by writing down inventories to net realizable value on an item by item framework. The company has also adhered to AASB 102 (cost formulas, paragraph 23-27) by determining the cost of inventories using FIFO formula. The FIFO formula has been maintained for every stock with related nature and usage to the company (Ahmed and Alam 2012). The firm has also complied with AASB s definition of inventories as outlined in AABB 102 paragraph 6-Aus8.2 by including fair value, inventories, not-for-profit entity and net realizable value in the definition. The measurement requirement has also been adhered to as outlined in the measurement of inventories, paragraph 9-Aus9.2) by measuring the inventories at the lesser of cost and net attainable worth. References Ahmed, K. and Alam, M., 2012. The effect of IFRS adoption on the financial reports of local government entities. Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal, 6(3), pp.109-120. Income, C. and Sheet, C.B., 2012. Financial statements. Siegel, P.H. and Borgia, C., 2012. The measurement and recognition of intangible assets. Journal of Business and Public Affairs, 1(1).

Seven-Step Model of Ethical Dilemma-Free-Samples for Students

Question: You will be provided with a choice of case studies related to ethical dilemmas that healthcare professionals face regularly as a part of their professions. You will be required to analyze the case and provide a written report based on your findings and reflections. Answer: Case Study Analysis: Informed Consent On a daily basis, nurses are confronted with the professional reality that they can mitigate in the decision-making process when it comes to safeguarding the rights and well-being of their patients. Regardless, the limits that a nurse possesses on the grounds of authority and capacity to mitigate are emphasized on the same daily basis. Sheila, a nurse at an orthopedic unit, recently experienced a similar incident concerning informed consent violation and she was faced with the dilemma of either intervening for her patient or going, mum. The following paper endeavors to analyze Sheilas case based on the seven-step model of processing ethical dilemma as crafted by Potter and Perry. Ethical Dilemma Literature defines ethical dilemma as the decision-making problem between two possible moral imperatives which are either acceptable or not (Enzinger et al., 2017). What this means is that, when trying to make a decision, one aspect will be obeyed while the other will be transgressed. According to Sheilas case study, the dilemma was either to intervene (Sheila) and translate the information being provided by the surgical doctor in German or protect her professional career and not intervene. The case is a two-faceted take: on one end, the nurse did the right thing by being concerned whether her patient was being provided the correct information. One of the paramount rights of any patient is the right to autonomy and informed consent. As stipulated in the universal consent standards, a patient ought to understand what is being explained by ensuring that the medical professionals provide every medical detail (Potter, Perry, Stockert, Hall, 2014). On the other end, the nurse was only pr ofessional. Sheila only did what any nurse would have done in her position- following orders. Informed Consent As the name suggests, informed consent is the voluntary agreement to or acquiescence in what another person proposes. In the medical field, Grady, (2015), the generalized regulation is that a patient ought to provide consent to the doctors before any administration of treatment. To do so, there are several guidelines that doctors and other medical professionals ought to use (Blease, Lilienfeld, Kelley, 2016) . They include the capacity to consent- a person who can comprehend the nature and the anticipated effect of the proposed medical treatment, as well as alternatives, can be considered to have the capacity to provide valid consent. Nonetheless, there are limitations to the size of a person to provide informed consent. Age of the person heavily depends on the validity which is limited from the age of fourteen (in Canada) and anyone above the age of eighteen with a sound mind and emotional stability (Kim Miller, 2015). Additionally, Ferrer et al., (2016) indicates that if a person is unable to decide due to predeterminant factors such as mental capacity, then another person can do so on their behalf Another prominent informed consent detail is the disclosure of information to be considered valid (Hill Howlett, 2013). An informed consent stipulates that there needs to be the explicit explanation on the medical information a patient ought to be given especially about the nature of their treatment as well as the anticipated outcome (Faden, Beauchamp, Kass, 2014). The obligation to provide the medical information rests on the physician and never delegated to another medical staff. However, in special circumstances, the data can be disclosed to another physician to get more confident in explaining to the patient. Hence, patient comprehension, another fundamental factor, should be placed in consideration. The patient should be able to ask as many questions as possible (Schatzberg DeBattista, 2015) . Therefore, the physician should take considerable steps in ensuring that the patient understands and is relatively satisfied with the information provided wherein there is language diff iculty. Personal Values on Ethical Issue Negligence and carelessness, in my opinion, are the leading causes of mistrust and mistakes when it comes to handling patients. Worse of all is that legal issues follow suit soon afterward. Regardless, based on the Sheila case study, as a nurse, a lot should have been done to ensure that the patients wellbeing was put first despite the professional consequences. For instance, I value placing the patient first especially in their wellbeing. The patient was fluent in Germany, and so is Sheila. When the nurse noticed that the daughter was not providing the correct and full information and that the doctor did not put this regarding violating patients rights, then Sheila should have found a way to explain to the patient. However, the nurse opted to be mum about the issue, and this facilitated a breach in her professional and nursing career. Likewise, I value courageous people especially nurses who will not stand aside while their patients are going through assault. It is of the opinion th at Sheila should have disengaged the doctor an talked to him or her separately indicating what violations are occurring and what may be the consequence if the outcomes are not what was to be expected by the patient. Verbalize the Problem The problem in the case study is that the patients right to autonomy, valid consent and comprehension were not regarded when information was being presented. The issue, therefore, may cause a legal suit in the future and needs to be handled as soon as possible. The doctor should have put into consideration that the daughter is not right in German and a better translator should have been used (Wu et al., 2017). Alternatively, the nurse should have been vocal in protecting the rights of the patient regardless of authority hierarchy breach. Possible Course of Action The reasonable action to take is that the nurse (who is fluent in German) and the doctor should revise the information to the patient. The idea here is to ensure that the patient grasps as much as possible before making the informed consent. As stipulated in the informed consent, the validity is reliant on the comprehension and the patient ability to articulate what she is being told. Another course of action is to educate the physician on the right protocol in handling patients especially those who require translators. Negligence and carelessness should be eliminated to avoid future lawsuits which may hinder the medical institutions operations. Reflect on the Outcome The client will have to understand what the medical info is all about in addition how they will benefit. By using German, the patient will be able to make the valid consent without any issues in the future. Besides, the indications would be a valid consent. Action and Outcome The act to protect the patients rights and ensure that she will get the best out of the medical information provided will show the need always to protect the patient. The protection of patient rights and the indulgence of the physicians in understanding the fundamental need to address patient rights including comprehension will limit incidences in the future. Professional Standards According to CLPNBC, ever registered nursing profession including a Licensed Profession Nurse under the Health Professions Act is required to serve and protect the public as well as exercise the powers in addition to discharging responsibilities under all the enactments in the public interests (Nurses (Licensed Practical) Regulation, ). For an LPN under the BC curriculum, measurements include the practical application of nursing in the assigned environment. Nonetheless, some duties and responsibilities are used to measure an LPN that include making a diagnosis, compounding and administering medicine to patients. Also, an LPN is regulated under the BC through the restricted duties that involve performing procedures on tissue damages, cannot deliver medication that is complex and cannot handle complicated equipment without a supervisors presence. Nevertheless, there are professional standards that an LPN ought to carry out and will be stated below: Responsibility and Accountability According to the values, nurses (LPN) are required to uphold the professional responsibilities in professional integrity and advocate for the rights of the patient which Sheila should have adhered to during the provision of information. About CLPNBC, LPN practice in BC mandates that nurses according to the Health Professions Act Section 16 (1), nurses are required to exercise powers and discharge responsibilities (Nurses (Licensed Practical) Regulation, n.d.). Sheila, the nurse, should have carried out her sole duty in protecting the patients wellbeing regardless of what the physician had instructed her to do. Moreover, the responsibility and accountability require that a nurse as well as a medical profession, irrespective of the circumstance, be respectful of the patients rights and serve the patient with the utmost professionalism (Spatz, Krumholz, Moulton, 2016). Competency-Based Practice According to CLPNBC requires that nurses meet the professional standards within the facility they work in through the implementation of electronic documentation. In most cases, this may include speaking out to other medical professionals with their problems under the new documentation system (Ferrer et al., 2016). In the case of Sheila, it would have been best if she would have indicated the issue at hand to the doctor or another nurse (preferably a supervising nurse) about the incidence on paper or electronic documentation process. The solution to this would have prevented a lot of ethical breach by the medical doctor in his quest to make things harder for the patient. Client-Focused Provision of Services Communication is the best practice when it comes to handling patient information and wellbeing (Wolf, Clayton, Lawrenz, 2018). Collaborating with another nurse would have been the best option for Sheila to take when she could not speak with the attending physician. Since she was the nurse attending to the patient who was ill, it was her responsibility and duty to ensure that the patient got the best and quality health care to be offered while still undergoing treatment. However, Sheila did not take it up with the supervising nurse or follow the necessary protocol in ensuring that the patient was catered. Ethical Practice Ethical Practice ensures that there is good nursing when it comes to the patients. A nurse ought to be the moral agent to the patient in times of crisis and especially when assaulted by another physician (Koch Elster, 2017). In the case study, Sheila should have been more pre-empt in ensuring that the patient got the right information as per the doctors explanation and not leave bygones be bygones. It showed unethical practice in both the nurse and the doctor and was a breach of patients rights to informed consent. References Blease, C. R., Lilienfeld, S. O., Kelley, J. M. (2016). Evidence-based practice and psychological treatments: the imperatives of informed consent. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1170. Enzinger, A. C., Wind, J. K., Frank, E., McCleary, N. J., Porter, L., Cushing, H., Meropol, N. J. (2017). A stakeholder-driven approach to improve the informed consent process for palliative chemotherapy. Patient Education and Counseling, 100(8), 15271536. Faden, R. R., Beauchamp, T. L., Kass, N. E. (2014). Informed consent, comparative effectiveness, and learning health care. N Engl J Med, 370(8), 766768. Ferrer, R. A., Stanley, J. T., Graff, K., Klein, W. M., Goodman, N., Nelson, W. L., Salazar, S. (2016). The Effect of Emotion on Visual Attention to Information and Decision Making in the Context of Informed Consent Process for Clinical Trials. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 29(23), 245253. Grady, C. (2015). Enduring and emerging challenges of informed consent. New England Journal of Medicine, 372(9), 855862. Hill, S. S., Howlett, H. S. (2013). Success in Practical/Vocational Nursing-E-Book: From Student to Leader. Elsevier Health Sciences. Kim, S. Y., Miller, F. G. (2015). Informed consent for pragmatic trials: the integrated consent Model. Koch, T. M. P. V. G., Elster, N. R. (2017). Under Attack: Reconceptualizing Informed Consent: Certified Patient Decision Aids: Solving Persistent Problems with Informed Consent Law. JL Med. Ethics, 45, 12280. Nurses (Licensed Practical) Regulation. (n.d.). Retrieved April 6, 2018, from https://www.bclaws.ca/civix/document/id/complete/statreg/224_2015#section5 Potter, P. A., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P. A., Hall, A. M. (2014). Canadian fundamentals of nursing (5th Cdn. ed.)(JC Ross-Kerr, MJ Wood, BJ Astle W. Duggleby, Cdn. Adapt.). Toronto, ON: Elsevier Canada. Schatzberg, A. F., DeBattista, C. (2015). Manual of clinical psychopharmacology. American Psychiatric Pub. Spatz, E. S., Krumholz, H. M., Moulton, B. W. (2016). The new era of informed consent: getting to a reasonable-patient standard through shared decision making. Jama, 315(19), 20632064. Wolf, S. M., Clayton, E. W., Lawrenz, F. (2018). The Past, Present, and Future of Informed Consent in Research and Translational Medicine. SAGE Publications Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA. Wu, Y., Howarth, M. L., Chunlan, Z., Xue, J., Jiexia, O., Xiaojin, L. (2017). Reporting of ethical approval and informed consent in clinical trials in 12 nursing journals in China between 2013 and 2016. Nursing Ethics, 111